Calculate pressure (P), volume (V), moles (n), or temperature (T) using the ideal gas law PV = nRT. Includes combined gas law, Dalton's law, gas density, and molar mass calculations.
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂ (when moles are constant)
Ptotal = P₁ + P₂ + P₃ + ...
d = PM/RT or M = dRT/P
The ideal gas law relates pressure (P), volume (V), moles (n), and temperature (T) of an ideal gas: PV = nRT, where R is the universal gas constant.
1) Calculate volume at STP
Given: n = 2 mol, T = 273.15 K, P = 1 atm
V = nRT/P = (2)(0.08206)(273.15)/(1) = 44.8 L
2) Combined Gas Law
Initial: P₁ = 2 atm, V₁ = 5 L, T₁ = 300 K
Final: P₂ = 1 atm, T₂ = 273 K, V₂ = ?
V₂ = P₁V₁T₂/(P₂T₁) = (2)(5)(273)/((1)(300)) = 9.1 L
3) Dalton's Law
N₂ at 0.8 atm, O₂ at 0.2 atm
Ptotal = 0.8 + 0.2 = 1.0 atm
| Type | Conversions |
|---|---|
| Pressure | 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 760 mmHg = 1.01325 bar = 14.696 psi |
| Volume | 1 L = 1000 mL = 0.001 m³ = 1000 cm³ |
| Temperature | K = °C + 273.15; °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32 |
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