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List of Approved Dispute Resolution Service Providers

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Complaints under the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy may be submitted to any approved dispute-resolution service provider listed below. Each provider follows the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy as well as its own supplemental rules. To go to the web site of a provider, click on its name below:

Asian Domain Name Dispute Resolution Centre

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://www.adndrc.org/mten/UDRP_Decisions.php

Supplemental Rules: http://www.adndrc.org/mten/img/pdf/Supplemental_Rules_26_07_2012_en.pdf [PDF, 270 KB]

National Arbitration Forum

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://domains.adrforum.com/decision.aspx

Supplemental Rules: http://domains.adrforum.com/users/icann/resources/UDRP%20Supplemental%20Rules%20eff%20March%201%202010.pdf [PDF, 53 KB]

WIPO

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/index.html

Supplemental Rules: http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/rules/

The Czech Arbitration Court Arbitration Center for Internet Disputes

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://udrp.adr.eu/adr/decisions/index.php

Supplemental Rules: http://udrp.adr.eu/arbitration_platform/udrp_supplemental_rules.php

Arab Center for Domain Name Dispute Resolution (ACDR)

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://acdr.aipmas.org/page.aspx?page_key=Panel%20Decisions

Supplemental Rules: http://acdr.aipmas.org/page.aspx?page_key=ACDR%20Supplemental%20Rules

The above approved providers are in effect until further notice at this web page.

Former Providers

CPR: International Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://cpradr.org/FileaCase/CPRsNeutrals/DomainNameICANNDisputes.aspx

eResolution

Dispute Proceedings/Decisions: http://www.disputes.org/

Information on ICANN's Relationships With UDRP Providers

Issues relating to Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy ("UDRP") and uniformity of providers started to arise within ICANN in 2010. Commenters raised concerns regarding how ICANN can and should enforce uniformity among the approved UDRP providers. In response, ICANN committed to a review of its relationship with UDRP providers. A memo [PDF, 60 KB] on the UDRP providers and issue uniformity of process is available as a result of that review.

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."