CVS Repository/ src/ include/ stdlib.h

mkostemp(3) and reallocarray(3) are in POSIX-2024:
adjust #include visibility and update the reallocarray(3) manpage

ok millert@

Add mkdtemps(3), like mkdtemp(3) but with a suffix.
OK deraadt@ tb@

Inroduce malloc_conceal() and calloc_conceal(). Similar to their
counterparts but return memory in pages marked MAP_CONCEAL and on
free() freezero() is actually called.

Introducing malloc_usable_size() was a mistake. While some other
libs have it, it is a function that is considered harmful, so:

Delete malloc_usable_size(). It is a function that blurs the line
between malloc managed memory and application managed memory and
exposes some of the internal workings of malloc.  If an application
relies on that, it is likely to break using another implementation
of malloc.  If you want usable size x, just allocate x bytes. ok
deraadt@ and other devs

Implement malloc_usable_size(); ok millert@ deraadt@ and jmc@ for the man page

Implement C11's aligned_alloc(3). ok guenther@

New POSIX xlocale implementation written from scratch.
Complete in the sense that all POSIX *locale(3) and *_l(3) functions
are included, but in OpenBSD, we of course only really care about
LC_CTYPE and we only support ASCII and UTF-8.

With important help from kettenis@, guenther@, and jca@.
Repeated testing in ports bulk builds by naddy@.
Additional testing by jca@, sebastia@, dcoppa@, and others.
OK kettenis@ dcoppa@, and guenther@ on an earlier version.
Riding guenther@'s libc/librthread major bump.

arc4random_buf should be bounded buffer, not bounded string

ok millert@

Add bounded attribute to freezero().  OK tom@

Introducing freezero(3) a version of free that guarantees the process
no longer has access to the content of a memmory object. It does
this by either clearing (if the object memory remains cached) or
by calling munmap(2). ok millert@, deraadt@, guenther@

Introducing recallocarray(3), a blend of calloc(3) and reallocarray(3)
with the added feature that released memory is cleared. Much input from various
developers. ok deraadt@ tom@

Remove duplicated includes in stdlib.h and termios.h

OK guenther@

Move the 10 (!) defintions of NULL to their own mini header file and
update the NULL definition for C++11.  OK deraadt@ guenther@ kettenis@

The first argument to devname(3) should be dev_t, not int.
The man page was already correct.

add restrict to strtol like functions. ok guenther

we don't have an alloca() symbol anywhere in libc, don't prototype it.
instead, #define to __builtin_alloca. if that doesn't work, you're hosed.
from an old discussion about the perils of alloca. (don't use alloca!)

Change rand(), random(), drand48(), lrand48(), mrand48(), and srand48()
to returning strong random by default, source from arc4random(3).
Parameters to the seeding functions are ignored, and the subsystems remain
in strong random mode.  If you wish the standardized deterministic mode,
call srand_deterministic(), srandom_determistic(), srand48_deterministic(),
seed48_deterministic() or lcong48_deterministic() instead.
The re-entrant functions rand_r(), erand48(), nrand48(), jrand48() are
unaffected by this change and remain in deterministic mode (for now).

Verified as a good roadmap forward by auditing 8800 pieces of software.
Roughly 60 pieces of software will need adaptation to request the
deterministic mode.

Violates POSIX and C89, which violate best practice in this century.
ok guenther tedu millert

header changes for recent libc changes:
add siphash
delete setkey, encrypt, cfree

Add additional userland interfaces for setting close-on-exec on fds
when creating them: mkostemp(), mkostemps(), the 'e' mode letter for
fopen(), freopen(), fdopen(), and popen().  The close-on-exec flag will
be cleared by the action created by posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2().

Also, add support for the C11 'x' mode letter for fopen() and freopen(),
setting O_EXCL when possibly creating files.

Note: this requires kernel support for pipe2() and dup3()!

ok millert@

Clean up after arc4random u_int32_t uint32_t change
ok jsing@

change mallocarray to reallocarray. useful in a few more situations.
malloc can, as always, be emulated via realloc(NULL).
ok deraadt

Introducing:      void *mallocarray(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
Like calloc(), except without the cleared-memory gaurantee
ok beck guenther, discussed for more than a year...

Annotate a few more bounded functions: realpath(3) needs a buffer
of size at least PATH_MAX.  pread(2), pwrite(2) and readlinkat(2)
also take the buffer and the bound.  OK theo.

Fix typo; 200809 not 20080 for __POSIX_VISIBLE.  Noticed by jca@

The getopt() prototype and externs don't belong in stdlib.h.  Berkeley
moved them to unistd.h to match POSIX in 1995 but we never did.
The exception to this is getsubopt() which POSIX says should be in
stdlib.h.  The non-standard suboptarg extern remains in the BSD-only
section of stdlib.h.  Neither getsubopt() nor suboptarg belong in
unistd.h or getopt.h.  They were only there to allow us to protect
all the getopt() bits from being multiply defined.  OK guenther@

Remove arc4random_stir() and arc4random_addrandom(), which none should
be using directly.  Well, a few rare people cloned it upstream and it
will take a bit of time for them to learn.
ok various

Add getprogname() and setprogname() to ease slackers^porters' work.
Man page adapted from FreeBSD and NetBSD.

Bump libc minor now (there will be more upcoming changes).

input from tedu@
get it in deraadt@

Simple emulation of POSIX pty APIs posix_openpt(), ptsname(),
grantpt() and unlockpt() using /dev/ptm.  Man pages from FreeBSD.
OK kettenis@ deraadt@ beck@ ajacoutot@ naddy@

Improve standards conformance: ecvt(), fcvt(), gcvt(), mktemp(), ttyslot(),
and valloc() are not in the current version, while posix_memalign() mkstemp(),
and mkdtemp() are, and setstate()'s argument has lost a bogus 'const'.

ok millert@ jmc@ espie@ kettenis@; ports build testing by naddy@

As pointed out by Richard Guenther our definition
of NULL was incorrect for c++ compilers that aren't
gcc (or pretend to be gcc like clang).

ok miod@

Define NULL as a void * instead of a long integer, as required by Single Unix.
Kernel and bootblocks still use the old 0L value until all the NULL abuses
in the code are fixed.

add posix_madvise, posix_memalign, strndup, and strnlen.  mostly from
brad and millert, with hints from guenther, jmc, and otto I think.
ok previous.

Make putenv(), setenv() and unsetenv() standards compliant.  The
standard explicitly disallows passing setenv a name with a '=' in
it but historic BSD behavior is to allow this but to ignore the '='
and anything after it.

- replace dtoa w/ David's gdtoa, version 2008-03-15
- provide proper dtoa locks
- use the real strtof implementation
- add strtold, __hdtoa, __hldtoa
- add %a/%A support
- don't lose precision in printf, don't round to double anymore
- implement extended-precision versions of libc functions: fpclassify,
isnan, isinf, signbit, isnormal, isfinite, now that the ieee.h is
fixed
- separate vax versions of strtof, and __hdtoa
- add complex math support.  added functions: cacos, casin, catan,
ccos, csin, ctan, cacosh, casinh, catanh, ccosh, csinh, ctanh, cexp,
clog, cabs, cpow, csqrt, carg, cimag, conj, cproj, creal, cacosf,
casinf, catanf, ccosf, csinf, ctanf, cacoshf, casinhf, catanhf,
ccoshf, csinhf, ctanhf, cexpf, clogf, cabsf, cpowf, csqrtf, cargf,
cimagf, conjf, cprojf, crealf
- add fdim, fmax, fmin
- add log2. (adapted implementation e_log.c.  could be more acruate
& faster, but it's good enough for now)
- remove wrappers & cruft in libm, supposed to work-around mistakes
in SVID, etc.;  use ieee versions.  fixes issues in python 2.6 for
djm@
- make _digittoint static
- proper definitions for i386, and amd64 in ieee.h
- sh, powerpc don't really have extended-precision
- add missing definitions for mips64 (quad), m{6,8}k (96-bit) float.h
for LDBL_*
- merge lead to frac for m{6,8}k, for gdtoa to work properly
- add FRAC*BITS & EXT_TO_ARRAY32 definitions in ieee.h, for hdtoa&ldtoa
to use
- add EXT_IMPLICIT_NBIT definition, which indicates implicit
normalization bit
- add regression tests for libc: fpclassify and printf
- arith.h & gd_qnan.h definitions
- update ieee.h: hppa doesn't have quad-precision, hppa64 does
- add missing prototypes to gdtoaimp
- on 64-bit platforms make sure gdtoa doesn't use a long when it
really wants an int
- etc., what i may have forgotten...
- bump libm major, due to removed&changed symbols
- no libc bump, since this is riding on djm's libc major crank from
a day ago

discussed with / requested by / testing theo, sthen@, djm@, jsg@,
merdely@, jsing@, tedu@, brad@, jakemsr@, and others.
looks good to millert@
parts of the diff ok kettenis@

this commit does not include:
- man page changes

remove recalloc; sloppy me; ok deraadt@

Remove obsolete (and erroneous) #if statement that caused all compilers
except for gcc to get the wrong prototype.  Ok millert@

Add strtof() to libc, some ports seem to like it. Currently it's a simple
call to strtod() with bounding check.
Discussed with pyr@ and otto@

ok otto@ deraadt@

diff from djm@ committed at his request:

introduce two new APIs for requesting strong random numbers:

arc4random_buf() - fill an arbitrary memory range with random numbers

arc4random_uniform() - return a uniformly distributed random number
below
a specified upper bound, avoiding the bias that comes from a naive
"arc4random() % upper_bound" construction.

these mirror similarly-named functions in the kernel;
lots of discussion deraadt@ mcbride@

add recaloc(3)

add lldiv prototype; ok deraadt@

after we changed mode_t to be an int, the devname() man page was
updated but the function itself never was; ok millert

Add lldiv(), imaxabs(), imaxdiv(), strtoimax() and strtoumax()

Adapt things to use __type_t instead of _BSD_TYPE_T_
Add new sys/_types.h header
Include machine/_types.h or sys/_types.h where applicable

First step in include files overhaul.  Use __FOO_VISIBLE (as defined
in sys/cdefs.h) instead of _FOO_SOURCE.  Also fix several namespace
pollution issues, including the byte order defines.  OK deraadt@

mktemp(3) et al. go in stdlib.h, not unistd.h.  While there be more
explicit about mktemp(3) in the man page.

major abi changes:

* introduce the mbstate_t typedef.
impacts gnu libiconv, which has already been taken care of.

* Prepare for mb stuff to really exist, replace macro MB_CUR_MAX with
an external variable __mb_cur_max (impacts libX11 and various ports).

* use mbstate in all the mb <-> wchar functions with state.
* add a stub iswctype function allowing some ports to compile.

bash and gdiff are missing wcscoll, and need to be told there's no i18n
until this is fixed.

Discussed and matthieu, otto, millert, kettenis, deraadt.

Major libc bump

Update strtonum() protor

strtonum prototype

Add _Exit(3) as per C99.  Discussed with espie@ some time ago.

Prototype llabs(3).  Forgotten commit gathering bit rot in my tree...

add __bounded__ attributes for userland headers; enabled with -Wbounded
ok deraadt@

backout the __bounded__ attributes for a while; requested by deraadt@

Mark various standard library functions with the __bounded__ attribute.
You must have an up-to-date gcc for this!
deraadt@ ok

Remove the advertising clause in the UCB license which Berkeley
rescinded 22 July 1999.  Proofed by myself and Theo.

GNU-like getopt_long() from NetBSD with changes by me to support
getopt_long_only().  At some point this should replace the BSD
getopt(3) but we are not there yet.

While I am here add protection from the multiple getopt() definitions
due to conflicting standards.

Add ecvt(), fcvt() and gcvt() for standard compliance and legacy code.

Add prototype for atoll(3).  I must have forgotten to commit this bit
when I committed atoll(3).

NULL is now 0L so it is the same size as a pointer.
OK mickey@ and discussed with deraadt@

Replace strtou?q() with the more standard strtou?ll(), using weak
aliases to fake up strtou?q().  espie@ OK.

Revert local changes that snuck in to the last commit.

Some user header files may define an abs macro which will cause a
syntax error if the #define happens before stdlib.h is included.
If abs is #defined, #undef and issue a warning.  This is similar
to what Tru64 UNIX does and is effectively the same as what happens
on Solaris (though on Solaris the real abs() is a macro).

Manual cleanup of remaining userland __P use (excluding packages maintained outside the tree)

Part one of userland __P removal.  Done with a simple regexp with some minor hand editing to make comments line up correctly.  Another pass is forthcoming that handles the cases that could not be done automatically.

Ghostscript port refused to build with 'printf' in the
__attribute__ statement. Using '__printf__' makes it happy.

ok millert@ miod@

Mention printf-like attributes for setproctitle().
millert@ espie@ ok

Add new cgetusedb() function to toggle reading of .db files in getcap(3).
Needed for cap_mkdb to really DRT when given several input files or
an output file with a different name from the input file.
cvs: ----------------------------------------------------------------------

Add srandomdev() from FreeBSD for use by sendmail and others.

In ANSI C++, wchar_t is a builtin. gcc 2.95.1 handles that correctly.
Redefining it as a typedef is an error, as it prevents overloading
on e.g., int/wchar_t separately.

Define NULL to be __null for C++: better quality of implementation.
__null is a magic constant of integral type that converts to a null pointer
as should be, but warns for ambiguity when used to resolved an overload
between an integral type and a pointer type.

constify getcap(3).  This fixes a warning in libcurses and doesn't
really change the API since those parameters that was been constified
really are not modified by getcap(3) routines.

Add thread-safety to libc, so that libc_r will build (on i386 at least).
All POSIX libc api now there (to P1003.1c/D10)
  (more md stuff is needed for other libc/arch/*)
  (setlogin is no longer a special syscall)
Add -pthread option to gcc (that makes it use -lc_r and -D_POSIX_THREADS).
Doc some re-entrant routines
Add libc_r to intro(3)
dig() uses some libc srcs and an extra -I was needed there.
Add more md stuff to libc_r.
Update includes for the pthreads api
Update libc_r TODO

More XPG4.2 --
  setstate takes a const parameter
  don't ever spew to stderr, just return NULL

size_t n in initstate(); XPG

for XPG, do not use special typedef types

Well, as we are heading for a release people are encouraged to rebuild their
entire trees for testing anyway, I might as well do this intrusive touching
of include files now.  Added openBSD tags.

arc4random() number generator, for use with things like RPC xid's.

abort() and exit() need __dead tags in stdlib.h; mike.long@analog.com;
netbsd pr#1845

Initial revision

initial import of NetBSD tree