Doppler Effect Simulator

Watch how a moving source compresses and stretches wavefronts. See the Doppler frequency shift, Mach cone formation, and the transition to supersonic speeds.

Doppler Parameters

30
0
700

Properties

fโ‚€700 Hz
vโ‚›30 m/s
vโ‚’0 m/s
v (sound)340 m/s
f (approach)--
f (recede)--
Mach--
ฮป approach--
ฮป recede--

The Physics Behind It

Doppler Formulas

  • Observed frequency: f = fโ‚€(v + vโ‚’)/(v โˆ’ vโ‚›)
  • Mach number: M = vโ‚›/v
  • Mach cone half-angle: sin(ฮฑ) = 1/M
  • Approaching wavelength: ฮป = (v โˆ’ vโ‚›)/fโ‚€

Key Concepts

  • Doppler effect: the change in observed frequency when a source and observer are in relative motion
  • Approaching sources compress wavefronts, producing a higher observed frequency (blue shift)
  • Receding sources stretch wavefronts, producing a lower observed frequency (red shift)
  • Sonic boom occurs when the source exceeds the speed of sound (Mach > 1), creating a shock wave cone