Diffraction Patterns

Visualize diffraction patterns from single slits, double slits, and gratings. Adjust slit width, separation, and wavelength to see how the intensity pattern changes.

Diffraction Parameters

10
25
550

Properties

ModeSingle Slit
Slit Width10 μm
Separation25 μm
Wavelength550 nm
Central Max--
1st Min Angle--
Fringe Spacing--
Resolving Power--

The Physics Behind It

Diffraction Formulas

  • Single slit minima: a sinθ = mλ (m = ±1, ±2, …)
  • Double slit maxima: d sinθ = mλ
  • Single slit intensity: I = I₀(sinβ/β)²
  • Multi-slit: I ∝ (sin(Nδ/2)/sin(δ/2))²

Key Concepts

  • Diffraction is the bending and spreading of waves around obstacles and through openings
  • Narrower slits produce wider diffraction patterns because smaller openings cause more spreading
  • Gratings with many slits produce very sharp, well-defined maxima useful for spectroscopy
  • Young's experiment (double slit) demonstrated the wave nature of light